Louis Pasteur(1822-1895)

Louis Pasteur: French microbiologist and chemist, studied in paris. In 1867, a laboratory was established for him with public funds and from 1888 till his death he headed the pasteur Institute. Pasteur proved that yeasts, which turn grape sugars into wine, are microscopically small living beings, and that fermentation does not require oxygen. This showed that basic life processes are chemical reactions. Pasteurization to make dairy products free from germs, is based on his discoveries. Pasteur disproved the popular belief that microorganisms and other lower forms of life generate spontaneously from dust, rotting meat and dung. He proved that each microbe comes from and existing microbe. Pasteur was firs to establish the basic cycle of life that all living beings eventually, become fodder for new life. Pasteur concluded that microbes or germs cause diseases(germ theory of disease). Pasteur saved the french silkworm industry by identifying two microbial diseases that were decimating the worms. He inspired his pupil Joseph Lister to work in antiseptic surgery. he also worked against vaccines against rabies and anthrax.